Carbon profile and energy consumption of biofuel production using organic fraction of municipal solid waste: An industry study with Svaaheia Eiendom AS
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Abstract
This thesis explores the production of biofuel using OFMSW, focusing on its carbon profile and energy efficiency. The research aims to develop a systematic methodology for analysing CO2 emissions and energy consumption across the biofuel production lifecycle, from waste collection to fuel production. This study is set within the context of the CARBIOW project, which seeks to produce carbon-negative biofuels for the aviation and maritime sectors.The thesis begins by reviewing the current state of energy solutions, highlighting the environmental impact of fossil fuels and the potential of biofuels as sustainable alternatives. It then delves into the technical processes of biofuel production, including torrefaction, gasification, and the Fischer-Tropsch process. The methodology developed emphasizes the importance of accurate, real-time data collection to calculate emissions effectively.Key findings include the identification of key emission sources, such as fuel consumption during waste collection and energy use for heating during production. The research contributes to the broader goals of the green energy transition and circular economy by providing a detailed analysis of the carbon footprint of OFMSW biofuel production. Future work should refine this methodology with precise data and explore alternative biofuel pathways and carbon capture strategies to enhance sustainability and economic viability.Overall, this thesis provides a foundation for future research and practical implementation in the field of biofuel production using OFMSW, supporting efforts to reduce GHG emissions and promote sustainable energy solutions.