Exploring health and exercise professionals’ views on muscle dysmorphia in the Norwegian population

Abstract

Objective Symptoms of muscle dysmorphia (MD) are prevalent among males who engage in weight training. If symptoms remain undetected and untreated, it can impair their health and wellbeing. Research indicates that men are reluctant to seek professional help on their own, and there is a lack of intervention options for people with MD symptoms. Health and exercise professionals’ competence and perspectives may offer important knowledge around the development of future interventions. However, research has yet to do so. This study therefore aimed to explore health and exercise professionals’ views and perspectives on MD in the Norwegian population.

Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven health and exercise professionals to discuss their knowledge and experiences with MD, and their views on prevention measures and interventions.

Results Thematic analysis identified three overarching themes: (1) MD symptomatology, including experiences with symptoms and consequences of MD, (2) challenges related to identifying MD symptoms, and (3) managing MD.

Conclusion Symptoms of MD were described by participants to be severe and complex yet challenging to identify among their clients/patients. There is a need to develop interventions aimed at reducing symptom development, as well as resources to assist health and exercise professionals in approaching individuals with MD symptoms.