| dc.description.abstract | Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used for electric vehicles and other portable electronic devices. Basically, lithium-ion batteries contain valuable metals such as Fe, C, Al, Cu, Li, Co, and, Ni. Cobalt with 5– 20 wt. % and lithium with 5–7 wt. % used in spent LIBs which are far more than primary sources. Therefore, metal recovery and recycling from batteries can be considered as an alternative sources.
The adsorption and separation of lithium in the presence of other metal ions remain to be a huge challenge. Herein, the performance of H-Titanate and MOF-Zr-BDC-(COOH)2 was studied to recover of lithium from both synthetic single ion solution and the actual solution. The actual solution is obtained by leaching of the spent lithium-ion batteries with tartaric acid. Both adsorbents were characterized by PXRD, ATIR, TGA, N2 adsorption, and SEM-EDS. The batch adsorption experiments are also conducted and the effect of solution pH, S/L ratio, temperature, feed concentration, and competitive ion on lithium uptake are investigated.
For both adsorbents, Li+ adsorption was Langmuir-type and followed the pseudo-second-order rate model. The result also shows that the highest capacity for H-Titanate and MOF are 21.75, and 29.1 mg/g, respectively. However, despite its relatively high adsorption capacity in LiCl solution, the adsorption capacity and the rate of lithium adsorption drastically decrease in the actual solution due to the presence of other metal ions. Although both adsorbents exhibit higher affinity towards other metal ions, MOF at pH 6 shows indirect lithium separation of 1% while Ni, Co, and Mn, are adsorbed more than 40%. Therefore this situation is promising for getting better results in the future. Moreover, MOF shows outstanding stability while the H-Titanate is not stable, especially when it comes to the actual solution. However, H-Titanate has the potential to be a lithium-ion sieve but requires more treatment and synthesis. | |